Integral Effects of Porosity, Permeability, and Wettability on Oil–Water Displacement in Low-Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs—Insights from X-ray CT-Monitored Core Flooding Experiments

Porosity, permeability, and wettability are crucial factors that affect the oil–water displacement process in reservoirs. Under subsurface conditions, integral effects of these extremely difficult to document. In this paper, waterflooding experiments were carried out using a core flooding system monitored with X-ray dual-energy CT. The mesoscale, three-dimensional characteristics water displacing oil obtained real time. porosity, on low-permeability sandstone reservoirs investigated. It was found if reservoir rock is water-wet, then residual saturation decreases gradually increasing porosity showing an efficiency. On contrary, oil-wet, increases improving decreasing should be comprehensively evaluated before adopting technical countermeasures or modification during oilfield development. If permeability high, water-wet can directly developed waterflooding. However, it better make modifications first for oil-wet poor, direct development has effect compared